Insiders were responsible for nearly 60% of information security breaches experienced by organizations over the last year, according to the fourth annual Computing Technology Industry Association (CompTIA) study on information security and the workforce.
That figure is significantly higher than one year ago, when 47% of security breaches were blamed on human error alone.
Yet despite the prominent role that human behavior plays in information security breaches, just 29% of the 574 organizations that participated in the survey said that security training is a requirement at their company. Only 36% of organizations offer end-user security awareness training.
"The primary cause of security breaches - human error - is not being adequately addressed," said Brian McCarthy, chief operating officer, CompTIA. "The person behind the PC continues to be the primary area where weaknesses are exposed."
Over the past several years a sophisticated security infrastructure that is better able to detect and prevent attacks has emerged. The CompTIA study found that antivirus software is nearly universal (96% penetration); and the vast majority or organizations utilize firewalls and proxy servers (91%). Disaster recovery plans, intrusion detection systems and written information security policies are also popular measures.
Virus and worm attacks were the most commonly mentioned security problem, as they have been through all four years of the CompTIA study on information security. A lack of user awareness, browser-based attacks and remote access were the next most frequently mentioned security problem areas.
About 40% of organizations participating in the survey said they had experienced at least one security attack in the past year. The most severe security breaches were reported by large organizations (7,000 or more employees) and educational institutions.
The financial impact of information security issues was vividly illustrated when survey respondents were asked to place a dollar value on the cost of their last security breach. The mean values were over $11,000 for the last security breach and just under $35,000 for breaches over the last year. Some organizations reported a financial impact above $50,000 for security breaches, showing that while a "garden variety" breach may be little more than an inconvenience, the potential for serious harm is always present.
"As we get better from a technology standpoint, many organizations seem to believe that technology solutions alone are sufficient to turn back all attacks, and a level of complacency may be setting in," McCarthy said. "The fact remains that no technology on its own can be completely successful without an equally strong commitment to information security awareness and training throughout every level of the organization."
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